Laparoscopic rectal surgery is a minimally invasive surgical method in the treatment of rectum (last part of the large intestine) diseases. This method uses a laparoscope and other fine surgical instruments by making small incisions instead of traditional open surgery.
Rectal surgery is often used to treat various diseases that affect the rectum, such as rectal cancer, rectal polyps, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. During surgery, part or all of the rectum may be removed (rectumectomy) or part of the rectum may be removed to create an anastomosis (connection) between the intestines.
The following steps are usually followed in laparoscopic rectal surgery:
Anesthesia: General anesthesia is applied to the patient so that the patient sleeps and does not feel pain during the operation.
Small incisions: Small incisions are made in the abdominal wall. Tubes called trocars are inserted into these incisions.
Laparoscope: A laparoscope is a thin tube containing a camera and light source. The laparoscope is inserted through an incision into the abdomen and allows the surgeon to view the operative field.
Other surgical instruments: Other thin surgical instruments are inserted into the abdomen through other incisions. These instruments are used to remove or repair the rectum.
Operation of the rectum: Part or all of the rectum is removed and anastomosis is created if necessary.
Closing the incisions: When the surgery is completed, the incisions are closed and the patient's healing process begins.
Laparoscopic rectal surgery offers many advantages over traditional open surgery, including:
However, the decision should be made based on the surgeon's assessment and the patient's condition to determine an appropriate surgical method for each patient.
